DNA molecules face change in its nucleotide sequence that creates a big change at the end result known as protein. These changes are called mutations that have different types.

• Germline mutations occur in gametes. Somatic mutations occur in other body cells.

• Chromosomal alterations are mutations that change chromosome structure.
• Point mutations change a single nucleotide.
• Frameshift mutations are additions or deletions of nucleotides that cause a shift in the reading frame.